Coal and Petroleum

Q1. Fill in the blanks.

                           i.        Fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and natural gas.

                          ii.        Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called refining.

                         iii.        Least polluting fuel for vehicle is compressed natural gas (CNG).

                         iv.        The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonization.

Q2. True/False

                        i.        Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. False

                       ii.        CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol. False

                      iii.        Coke is almost pure form of carbon. True

                      iv.        Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. True

                       v.        Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. False

                      vi.        Coal gas was used for street lighting for the first time in London in 1810 and in New York around 1820. True

Q3. Why LPG is a better fuel than coal?

Ans. LPG is a better fuel than coal because it is a cleaner fuel.

Q4. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.

Ans. Bitumen, a petroleum product, is used for metalling the roads.

Q5. What are natural resources?

Ans. Materials obtained from nature are called natural resources.

Q6. What are the characteristics of coal?
Or
Give two characteristics of coal.

Ans. It is as hard as stone and is black in colour.

Q7. Which fuel is used in heavy motor vehicles?

Ans. Diesel is used in heavy motor vehicles.

Q8. Where and when was the world’s first oil well drilled?

Ans. The world’s first oil well was drilled in Pennsylvania, USA, in 1859.

Q9. What are the uses of kerosene?

Ans. Kerosene is used as fuel in stoves, lamps and in jet aircrafts.

Q10. Why is lubricating oil used?

Ans. Lubricating oil is used for lubrication.

Q11. Write the uses of paraffin wax.

Ans. Paraffin wax is used in ointments, candles, vaseline etc.

Q12. From where do we obtain petrol and diesel?

Ans. Petrol and diesel are obtained from a natural resource called petroleum.

Q13. How can bitumen be used?
Or
Write uses of bitumen.

Ans. Bitumen can be used for making paints and for surfacing the roads.

Q14. Give two uses of diesel.
Or
Write two uses of diesel.

Ans. Diesel is used as fuel for heavy motor vehicles and in electric generators.

Q15. Why is petroleum also known as ‘black gold’?

Ans. Due to its great commercial importance, petroleum is also called ‘black gold’.

Q16. How can petrol be used?
Or
Write two uses of petrol.

Ans. Petrol can be used as a motor fuel, aviation fuel and as solvent for dry cleaning.

Q17. Can coal, petroleum and natural gas be prepared in the laboratory from dead organisms?

Ans. No. Their formation is a very slow process and conditions for their formation cannot be created in the laboratory.

Q18. Name two places in India where petroleum is found.
Or
Where is petroleum found in the India?

Ans. In India, oil is found in Assam, Gujarat, Mumbai High and in the river basins of Godavari and Krishna.

Q19. What are the products obtained on refining petroleum?

Ans. Petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, kerosene, paraffin wax, lubricating oil are obtained by refining petroleum.

Q20. Why are coal and petroleum called fossil fuels?

Ans. Coal and petroleum are called fossil fuels because it required the dead organisms millions of years to get converted into these fuels.

Q21. Name some places in India where natural gas has been found.
Or
Where do we find natural gas in India?

Ans. In India, natural gas is found in Tripura, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and in the Krishna Godavari delta.

Q22. How were fossils formed? Name two fossil fuels.

Ans. Fossil fuels were formed from the dead remains of living organisms millions of years ago. Coal, petroleum and natural gas are fossil fuels.