Topic outline

    • From Trade to Territory
      The Company Establishes Power

      Q37. What did it mean to be nawabs?

      Ans. It meant of course that the Company acquired more power and authority. But it also meant something else. Each company servant began to have visions of living like nawabs.

       

      Q38. What was the result of the second Anglo-Maratha war?
      Or
      What has happened in second Anglo-Maratha war?

      Ans. The Second Anglo- Maratha War (1803-05) was fought on different fronts, resulting in the British gaining Orissa and the territories north of the Yamuna river including Agra and Delhi.

       

      Q39. Why the company had to buy most of the goods in India with gold and silver imported from Britain?

      Ans. The company had to buy most of the goods in India with gold and silver imported from Britain because at that time Britain had no goods to sell in India.



      Q40. Who was Rayanna and what was his role in anti-British resistance movement?
      Or
      Who was Rayanna? How did meet his end?

      Ans. Rayanna, a poor chowkidar of Sangoli in Kitoor, carried on the resistance. With popular support he destroyed many British camps and records. He was caught and hanged by the British in 1830.

       

      Q41. How did the appointment of residents in Indian states help the company?

      Ans. Through the Residents, the Company officials began interfering in the internal affairs of Indian states. They tried to decide who was to be the successor to the throne, and who was to be appointed in administrative posts.

       

      Q42. What attracted European trading companies to India?

      Ans. European trading companies were attracted to India because:

                                  i.        The fine qualities of cotton and silk produced in India had a big market in Europe.

                                 ii.        Pepper, cloves, cardamom and cinnamon too were in great demand.

       

      Q43. Why was Warren Hastings impeached?

      Ans. When Warren Hastings went back to England in 1785, Edmund Burke accused him of being personally responsible for the misgovernment of Bengal. This led to an impeachment proceeding in the British Parliament that lasted seven years.



      Q44. What caused huge loss of revenue in Bengal?
      Or
      What had caused enormous loss of revenue for Bengal?

      Ans. Aurangzeb’s farman had granted only the Company the right to trade duty free. But officials of the Company, who were carrying on private trade on the side, were expected to pay duty. This they refused to pay, causing an enormous loss of revenue for Bengal.

       

      Q45. What was the main reason for the defeat of Sirajuddaulah at Plassey?
      Or
      State the main reason of defeat of Sirajuddaulah at Plassey.

      Ans. One of the main reasons for the defeat of the Nawab was that the forces led by Mir Jafar, one of Sirajuddaulah’s commanders, never fought the battle. Clive had managed to secure his support by promising to make him nawab after crushing Sirajuddaulah.

       

      Q46. What was the result of Rani Channamma’s anti-British resistance movement?
      Or
      Write a note on Rani Channamma.
      Or
      Who led an anti-British movement in kittur?

      Ans. The new policy of “paramountcy” however, did not go unchallenged. When the British tried to annex the small state of Kitoor (in Karnataka today), Rani Channamma took to arms and led an anti-British resistance movement. She was arrested in 1824 and died in prison in 1829.



      Q47. Explain the following terms: Qazi, Mufti and Impeachment

      Ans. Qazi – A judge

      Mufti – A jurist of the Muslim community responsible for expounding the law that the qazi would administer.

      Impeachment – A trial by the House of Lords in England for charges of misconduct brought against a person in the House of Commons.

       

      Q48. How was Tipu Sultan killed?
      Or
      What happened in the Battle of Seringapatam?

      Ans. Four wars were fought with Mysore (1767-69, 1780-84, 1790-92 and 1799). Only in the last – the Battle of Seringapatam – did the Company ultimately win a victory. Tipu Sultan was killed defending his capital Seringapatam, Mysore was placed under the former ruling dynasty of the Wodeyars and a subsidiary alliance was imposed on the state.

       

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