Reaching the Age of Adolescence

Q1. Fill in the blanks.

                            i.        Adolescents should be careful about what they eat, because proper diet is needed for the rapid growth taking place in their body.

                          ii.        Reproductive age in women starts when their menstruation starts.

                         iii.        The right meal for adolescents consists of chapati, dal, vegetables.

                         iv.        The period of transition between childhood and adulthood is known as adolescence.

                          v.        Adolescents are also called ‘teenagers’.

                         vi.        Menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones.

          vii.        Sebaceous glands secrete an oily substance.

          viii.        Metamorphosis in insects is controlled by insect hormones.

                         ix.        The onset of puberty and maturity of reproductive parts are controlled by hormones.

                          x.        Early marriage and motherhood cause health problems in the mother and the child.

                        xi.        Puberty ends when an adolescent reaches reproductive maturity.

Q2. True/False

                          i.        Adrenaline is a hormone released from the adrenal glands. True

                         ii.        Adolescence is a period of much activity in the body and mind which is a normal part of growing up. True

                        iii.        Once puberty is reached in girls, ovaries begin to produce the female hormone or testosterone. False

                        iv.        Growing up is a natural process. True

                         v.        Thyroid gland produces insulin hormone. False

Q3. Name the hormone that regulates secondary sexual characters in males.

Ans. Testosterone

Q4. Name the hormone that regulates secondary sexual characters in females.

Ans. Estrogen

Q5. Which virus causes AIDS?

Ans. AIDS is caused by a dangerous virus, HIV.

Q6. Which of the two, sperm or egg cell (ovum), decides the sex of the child?

Ans. Sperm decides the sex of the child.

Q7. What is goitre?

Ans. A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of thyroid gland.

Q8. Which hormone deficiency in the body causes diabetes?

Ans. Deficiency of insulin hormone in the body causes diabetes.

Q9. How do shoulders and chest change in boys during puberty?

Ans. Boys develop broader shoulders and wider chests during puberty.

Q10. What is the other name of voice box?

Ans. The larynx is another name for the voice box.

Q11. Name some endocrine glands.

Ans. Pituitary, Testes, Ovaries, Thyroid, Pancreas and Adrenals

Q12. What is the natural balanced food for infants?

Ans. For infants, mother’s milk provides all the nourishment that they need.

Q13. Name the female sex hormone.

Ans. Estrogen is the female sex hormone released by ovaries.

Q14. Name the male sex hormone.

Ans. Testosterone is the male sex hormone released by the testes.

Q15. What gland controls sex hormones?

Ans. Pituitary gland controls sex hormones.

Q16. Name the endocrine gland attached to the brain.

Ans. Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland attached to the brain.

Q17. Which endocrine gland secretes growth hormone?

Ans. Pituitary gland secretes growth hormone.

Q18. What element is needed for thyroxine production?

Ans. Thyroxine production requires the presence of iodine.

Q19. State the main symptom of goitre.

Ans. Main symptom of goitre include very big and bulging throat.

Q20. Which hormone deficiency in the body causes goitre?

Ans. Goitre is caused by deficiency of thyroxine hormone in the body.

Q21. Which gland secretes insulin hormone?

Ans. Pancreas secretes insulin hormone.