Crop Production and Management

Q41. How are grains stored in godowns?

Ans. For storing large quantities of grains in big godowns, specific chemical treatments are required to protect them from pests and microorganisms.

Q42. Is it a good practice to burn the stubs left in the field? Give reasons.

Ans. No, it is not a good practice to burn the stubs left in the field because it causes pollution. It may also catch fire and damage the crops lying in the fields.

Q43. How weeds are removed manually?

Ans. The manual removal includes physical removal of weeds by uprooting or cutting them close to the ground, from time to time. This is done with the help of a khurpi.

Q44. What are the harmful effects of using fertilisers?

Ans. Harmful effects of using fertilisers

                         i.        Excessive use of fertilisers has made the soil less fertile.

                        ii.        Fertilisers have also become a source of water pollution.

Q45. What do you understand by agricultural practices?

Ans. Cultivation of crops involves several activities undertaken by farmers over a period of time. These activities or tasks are referred to as agricultural practices.

Q46. What is animal husbandry?

Ans. Animals reared at home or in farms, have to be provided with proper food, shelter and care. When this is done on a large scale, it is called animal husbandry.

Q47. What precautions should be taken while spraying weedicides and why?

Ans. Spraying of weedicides may affect the health of farmers. So they should use these chemicals very carefully. They should cover their nose and mouth with a piece of cloth during spraying of these chemicals.

Q48. Explain in detail the structure and use of hoe.

Ans. It is a simple tool which is used for removing weeds and for loosening the soil. It has a long rod of wood or iron. A strong, broad and bent plate of iron is fixed to one of its ends and works like a blade. It is pulled by animals.

Q49. What are fertilisers? Give some examples.

Ans. Fertilisers are chemical substances which are rich in a particular nutrient. Some examples of fertilisers are— urea, ammonium sulphate, super phosphate, potash, NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium).

Q50. Why appropriate distance between the seeds is important?

Ans. An appropriate distance between the seeds is important to avoid overcrowding of plants. This allows plants to get sufficient sunlight, nutrients and water from the soil.

Q51. Why earthworms and microbes are called friends of farmer?

Ans. The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes present in the soil. These organisms are friends of the farmer since they further turn and loosen the soil and add humus to it.

Q52. What are kharif crops?

Ans. The crops which are sown in the rainy season are called kharif crops. The rainy season in India is generally from June to September. Paddy, maize, soyabean, groundnut, cotton, etc., are kharif crops.

Q53. What are rabi crops?

Ans. The crops grown in the winter season are called rabi crops. Their time period is generally from October to March. Examples of rabi crops are wheat, gram, pea, mustard and linseed.

Q54. Why do farmers add manure to the soil?

Ans. Continuous growing of crops makes the soil poorer in certain nutrients.Therefore, farmers have to add manure to the fields to replenish the soil with nutrients.

Q55. What will happen if field is not ploughed before sowing the seeds?

Ans. Disadvantage of not ploughing the field are:

                            i.        Seeds cannot be sown at proper depth.

                           ii.        Water and air holding capacity of soil will be poor.