Major Landforms of the Earth

Q24. Name some natural calamities which cause widespread destruction.

Ans. Natural calamities such as earthquakes, volcanic eruption, storms and floods cause widespread destruction.

Q25. Which is the highest plateau in the world?

Ans. The Tibet plateau is the highest plateau in the world with a height of 4,000 to 6,000 metres above the mean sea level.

Q26. Name some sports that are popular in mountains.

Ans. Several sports like paragliding, hang gliding, river rafting and skiing are popular in the mountains.

Q27. Less people live in the mountain areas. Give reason.

Ans. Due to harsh climate less people live in the mountain areas. Since the slopes are steep, less land is available for farming.

Q28. Write about Mauna Kea (Hawaii) in the Pacific Ocean.

Ans. Mauna Kea (Hawaii) in the Pacific Ocean is an undersea mountain. It is higher than Mount Everest being 10,205 metres high.

Q29. What are Volcanic Mountains? Give examples.

Ans. Volcanic Mountains are formed due to volcanic activity. Mt.Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt.Fujiyama in Japan are examples of such mountains.

Q30. What leads to upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places?

Ans. Continuous movement within the earth leads to upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places.

Q31. Write the names of old fold mountains that have rounded features and low elevation.

Ans. The Appalachians in North America and the Ural mountains in Russia have rounded features and low elevation. They are very old fold mountains.

Q32. Which two processes lead to the formation and development of landforms?

Ans. Internal and external processes are the two processes that lead to the formation and development of landforms.

Q33. Define internal process.

Ans. Internal process is type of a continuous movement taking place within the earth that leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places.

Q34. Differentiate between erosion and deposition.

Ans. Difference between erosion and deposition

Q35. How Block Mountains are formed?

Ans. Block Mountains are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. The uplifted blocks are termed as horsts and the lowered blocks are called graben.

Q36. “Quite often we use the land in a wasteful manner”. Explain the statement.

Ans. Quite often we use the land in a wasteful manner, for example constructing houses on a fertile land. Similarly we throw garbage on land or in water making them dirty. We should avoid using such important gifts of nature in a careless manner. The available land is not only for our use. It is our duty to leave the earth a better place for future generations as well.

Q37. Write some important features of mountains?

Ans. Features of mountains

     1.   Mountains are any natural elevation of the earth surface.

     2.   The mountains may have a small summit and a broad base.

     3.   It is considerably higher than the surrounding area. Some mountains are even higher than the clouds.

     4.   The slopes are steep; less land is available for farming.

     5.   Climate of mountains is harsh.