Nutrition in Animals

Question 1: 
Fill in the blanks.

absorption, assimilation and egestion.

1. The largest gland in the human body is liver.
2. The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and digestive juices which act on food.
3. The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called villi.
4. Amoeba digests its food in the food vacuole.
5. We chew the food with the teeth and break it down mechanically into small pieces.

Question 2: 
True/False

1. Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. False
2. The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. True
3. The gall bladder temporarily stores bile. True
4. The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for some time. True
5. We chew the food with the teeth and break it down mechanically into small pieces. True
6. Large intestine receives digested and absorbed food. False

Question 3: 
Hydrochloric acid is secreted by which organ?
a) Buccal cavity
b) Oesophagus
c) Stomach
d) Small intestine

Answer: 

d) Small intestine

Question 4: 
Given below from (i) to (iv) are some food items.
(i) Boiled and mashed potato
(ii) Glucose solution
(iii) A slice of bread
(iv) Mustard oil

Which of the above will give blue-black colour when tested with iodine?

(a) (i) and(ii)

(b) (i) and (iii)

(c) (ii) and (iii)

(d) (iii) and (iv)

Answer: 

(b) (i) and (iii)

Question 5: 
Which of the following pair of teeth differ in structure but are similar in function?
(a) Canines and incisors
(b) Molars and premolars
(c) Incisors and molars
(d) Premolars and canines

Answer: 

(b) Molars and premolars

Question 6: 
Read carefully the terms given below. Which of the following sets is the correct combination of organs that do not carry out any digestive functions?
(a) Oesophagus, Large intestine, Rectum
(b) Buccal cavity, Oesophagus, Rectum
(c) Buccal cavity. Oesophagus, Large intestine
(d) Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum

Answer: 

(a) Oesophagus, Large intestine, Rectum

Question 7: 
The swallowed food moves downwards in the alimentary canal because of
(a) force provided by the muscular tongue
(b) the flow of water taken with the food
(c) gravitational pull
(d) the contraction of muscles in the wall of food pipe.

Answer: 

(d) the contraction of muscles in the wall of food pipe.

Question 8: 
The acid present in the stomach
(a) kills the harmful bacteria that may enter along with the food
(b) protects the stomach lining from harmful substances
(c) digests starch into simpler sugars
(d) makes the medium alkaline.

Answer: 

(a) kills the harmful bacteria that may enter along with the food

Question 9: 
The finger-like outgrowths of Amoeba help to ingest food. However, the finger-like outgrowths of human intestine help to
(a) digest the fatty food substances
(b) make the food soluble
(c) absorb the digested food
(d) absorb the undigested food.

Answer: 

(c) absorb the digested food

Question 10: 
Read the following statements with reference to the villi of the small intestine.
(i) They have very thin walls.
(ii) They have a network of thin and small blood vessels close to the surface.
(iii) They have small pores through which food can easily pass.
(iv) They are finger-like projections. Identify those statements which enable the villi to absorb digested food.

(a) (i), (ii) and (iv)

(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)

(c) (iii) and (iv)

(d) (i) and (iv)

Answer: 

(a) (i), (ii) and (iv)

Question 11: 
The false feet of Amoeba are used for
(a) movement only
(b) capture of food only
(c) capture of food and movement
(d) exchange of gases only.

Answer: 

(c) capture of food and movement

Question 12: 
The enzymes present in the saliva convert
(a) fats into fatty acids and glycerol
(b) starch into simple sugars
(c) proteins into amino acids
(d) complex sugars into simple sugars.

Answer: 

(b) starch into simple sugars

Question 13: 
Cud is the name given to the food of ruminants which is
(a) swallowed and undigested
(b) swallowed and partially digested
(c) properly chewed and partially digested
(d) properly chewed and completely digested.

Answer: 

(b) swallowed and partially digested

Question 14: 
Choose the correct order of terms that describe the process of nutrition in ruminants.
(a) Swallowing → partial digestion  → chewing of cud →  complete digestion
(b) Chewing of cud →  swallowing → partial digestion  → complete digestion
(c) Chewing of cud  → swallowing →  mixing with digestive juices → digestion
(e) Swallowing → chewing and mixing  → partial digestion →  complete digestion
Answer: 
(a) Swallowing → partial digestion  → chewing of cud →  complete digestion

Question 15: 
Cellulose-rich food substances are good source of roughage in human beings because
(a) human beings do not have cellulose digesting enzymes
(b) cellulose gets absorbed in the human blood and converts into fibres
(c) the cellulose-digesting bacteria convert cellulose into fibres
(d) cellulose breaks down into smaller components which are egested as roughage.

Answer: 

(a) human beings do not have cellulose digesting enzymes

Question 16: 
What is the organ that stores bile?

Answer:

Gall bladder

Question 17: 
Which part of the digestive canal is involved in killing bacteria?

Answer:

Stomach

Question 18: 
Name the part of digestive canal involved in chewing of food.

Answer: 

Mouth