Pollution of Air and Water

Q1. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?

(a) Carbon dioxide

(b) Sulphur dioxide

(c) Methane

(d) Nitrogen

Ans. (d) Nitrogen

Q2. Which air pollutant reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood?

Ans. Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

Q3. What protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun?

Ans. The ozone layer protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun.

Q4. Name three greenhouse gases present in the atmosphere.

Ans. methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide

Q5. What is potable water?

Ans. Water which is purified and fit for drinking is known as potable water.

Q6. Which gas contributes maximum to greenhouse effect?

Ans. Carbon dioxide gas contributes maximum to greenhouse effect.

Q7. Name one gas which damages the ozone layer of the atmosphere.

Ans. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) damage the ozone layer of the atmosphere.

Q8. Why is Ozone layer important?

Ans. Ozone layer protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun.

Q9. Name some toxic metals whose compounds are present in industrial wastes.

Ans. arsenic, lead and fluorides

Q10. Name any two types of chemicals used in agriculture which cause water pollution.

Ans. pesticides and weedicides

Q11. Name any three diseases caused by drinking polluted water containing sewage.

Ans. cholera, typhoid and jaundice

Q12. Which gas is mainly responsible for greenhouse effect?

Ans. Carbon dioxide is the gas which is mainly responsible for greenhouse effect.

Q13. What are the main gases that cause acid rain?

Ans. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are the main gases that cause acid rain.

Q14. Where are chlorofluorocarbons used?

Ans. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are used in refrigerators, air conditioners and aerosol sprays.

Q15. What are the major pollutants of air?

Ans. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, methane and sulphur dioxide are the major pollutants of air.

Q16. What air pollutants are released by motor vehicles?

Ans. Vehicles produce high levels of pollutants like carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and smoke.

Q17. What is air pollution?

Ans. Air pollution is the contamination of air by impurities which may have a harmful impact on the living organisms and the non-living components.

Q18. Write one source and one harmful effect of carbon monoxide.

Ans. Carbon monoxide is produced from incomplete burning of fuels such as petrol and diesel. It is a poisonous gas. It reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

Q19. Write one source and one harmful effect of sulphur dioxide.

Ans. Sulphur dioxide is produced by combustion of fuels like coal in power plants. It can cause respiratory problems, including permanent lung damage.

Q20. What is Kyoto Protocol?

Ans. The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement that aimed to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and the presence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.