Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation

Q1. Fill in the blanks.

                           i.        The ideas of William Jones were supported by Colebrooke.

                          ii.        Thomas Babington Macaulay saw India as an uncivilised country that needed to be civilised.

                         iii.        There was no system of annual examinations in pathshalas.

                         iv.        Rabindranath Tagore started the Santiniketan in 1901.

Q2. True/False

                            i.        James Mill was a severe critic of the Orientalists. True

                           ii.        The 1854 Despatch on education was in favour of English being introduced as a medium of higher education in India. True

                          iii.        Mahatma Gandhi thought that promotion of literacy was the most important aim of education. False

                          iv.        Rabindranath Tagore felt that children ought to be subjected to strict discipline. False

Q3. Who took the initiative to set up the Calcutta Madrasa?

Ans. Warren Hastings

Q4. Name the two Indian who reacted against Western education.

Ans. Mahatma Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore

Q5. Who is a Linguist?

Ans. Linguist is someone who knows and studies several languages.

Q6. Name two individuals who sharply attacked the orientalists.

Ans. James Mill and Thomas Babington Macaulay attacked the Orientalists.

Q7. Who was of the opinion that Colonial education created sense of inferiority in the minds of Indians?

Ans. Mahatma Gandhi

Q8. By education I mean all round drawing out of the best in child and man- body, mind and spirit. Whose words are these?

Ans. Mahatma Gandhi

Q9. Name the places where universities were first established by the company in India?

Ans. Calcutta, Madras and Bombay

Q10. Who started the journal Asiatick Researches?

Ans. Jones set up the Asiatic Society of Bengal, and started a journal called Asiatick Researches.

Q11. What does madrasa mean?

Ans. Madrasa is an Arabic word for a place of learning; any type of school or college.

Q12. What does munshi mean?

Ans. The word munshi was used for a person who can read, write and teach Persian.

Q13. Name the Scottish missionary who toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar in the 1830s.

Ans. In the 1830s, William Adam, a Scottish missionary, toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar.

Q14. Which year did the East India Company decide to improve the system of vernacular education?

Ans. After 1854 the Company decided to improve the system of vernacular education.

Q15. Who established Serampore Mission?
Or
Who was William Carey?

Ans. William Carey was a Scottish missionary who helped establish the Serampore Mission.

Q16. Who were called Orientalists?

Ans. Those with a scholarly knowledge of the language and culture of Asia were called Orientalists.

Q17. Why was madrasa set up in Calcutta in 1781?

Ans. Madrasa was set up in Calcutta in 1781 to promote the study of Arabic, Persian and Islamic law.

Q18. Where were classes held under the system of pathshalas?

Ans. In some places classes were held under a banyan tree, in other places in the corner of a village shop or temple, or at the guru’s home.

Q19. What type of education was given to the children in pathshalas?

Ans.  Teaching was oral, and the guru decided what to teach, in accordance with the needs of the students.