Mineral and Power Resources

Q22. Where is the site of the world’s first solar and wind powered bus shelter?

Ans. The site of the world’s first solar and wind powered bus shelter is in Scotland.

Q23. Name some important hydel power stations in India.

Ans. Some important hydel power stations in India are Bhakra Nangal, Gandhi Sagar, Nagarjunsagar and Damodar valley projects.

Q24. Which countries are the leading producers of hydel power in the world?

Ans. The leading producers of hydel power in the world are Paraguay, Norway, Brazil, and China.

Q25. Where are geothermal power plants located in India?

Ans. In India, geothermal plants are located in Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh and Puga Valley in Ladakh.

Q26. Why is CNG considered as eco-friendly fuel?

Ans. Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a popular ecofriendly automobile fuel because it causes less pollution than petroleum and diesel.

Q27. Why petroleum is referred to as “black gold”?

Ans. Petroleum is thick black liquid. Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold as they are very valuable.

Q28. Write a brief note on mineral salt.

Ans.  It is obtained from seas, lakes and rocks. India is one of the world’s leading producers and exporters of salt.

Q29. What are the two main types of power resources?
Or
What are the two main classifications of power resources?

Ans.  Power resources may be broadly categorised as conventional and non-conventional resources.

Q30. How are minerals identified?

Ans. Minerals can be identified on the basis of their physical properties such as colour, density, hardness and chemical property such as solubility.

Q31. Which Indian states are the major producers of bauxite?

Ans.  Major bauxite producing areas are Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.

Q32. What are the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy?

Ans. Advantages

                         i.        Clean ecofriendly and always available.

Disadvantages

                         i.        Located far away from cities and so costly to transport the electricity.

Q33. What are the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy?

Ans. Advantages

                          i.        Emits large amount of energy.

Disadvantages

                         i.        Generates radioactive waste.

                        ii.        Expensive.

Q34. Why is coal referred to as buried sunshine?
Or
Why is coal called ''buried sunshine''?
Or
Why is coal known as the buried sunshine?

Ans.  The coal which we are using today was formed millions of years ago when giant ferns and swamps got buried under the layers of earth. Coal is therefore referred to as Buried Sunshine.

Q35. Who are the major producers of natural gas in the world?

Ans. Russia, Norway, UK and the Netherlands are the major producers of natural gas. In India Jaisalmer, Krishna Godavari delta, Tripura and some areas off shore in Mumbai have natural gas resources.

Q36. “All minerals are rocks but all rocks are not minerals.” Explain.

Ans.  All minerals are rocks but all rocks are not minerals because more than 2,800 types of minerals have been identified but only about 100 are considered ore minerals.

Q37. Why are minerals considered non-renewable?

Ans.  Minerals are a non-renewable resource. It takes thousands of years for the formation and concentration of minerals. The rate of formation is much smaller than the rate at which the humans consume these minerals.

Q38. Where are mineral deposits located in North America?

Ans.  The mineral deposits in North America are located in three zones: the Canadian region north of the Great Lakes, the Appalachian region and the mountain ranges of the west.