Industries

Q58. Distinguish between small scale and large scale industries.

Ans. Difference between small scale and large scale industries.

Q59. What factors led to the establishment of cotton textile industry in Osaka?
Or
Why cotton & textile industry developed in Osaka?
Or
Explain the locational advantages that Osaka has for the development of the cotton textile industry.

Ans. The textile industry developed in Osaka due to several geographical factors.

                          i.        The extensive plain around Osaka ensured that land was easily available for the growth of cotton mills.

                         ii.        Warm humid climate is well suited to spinning and weaving.

                        iii.        The river Yodo provides sufficient water for the mills. Labour is easily available.

                        iv.        Location of port facilitates import of raw cotton and for exporting textiles.

Q60. Write the properties and significance of steel.

Ans. Steel is tough and it can easily be shaped, cut, or made into wire. Alloys give steel unusual hardness, toughness, or ability to resist rust.

Significance

                            i.        Steel is often called the backbone of modern industry. Ships, trains, trucks, and autos are made largely of steel.

                           ii.        Even the safety pins and the needles we use are made from steel.

                          iii.        Oil wells are drilled with steel machinery.

                          iv.        Steel pipelines transport oil.

                           v.        Minerals are mined with steel equipment.

                         vi.        Farm machines are mostly steel.

          vii.        Large buildings have steel framework.

Q61. Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of raw material used.
Or
How are industries classified on the basis of raw material used?
Or
Explain classification of industry on the basis of raw material.

Ans. Industries may be agro based, mineral based, marine based and forest based depending on the type of raw materials they use.

Agro based industries use plant and animal based products as their raw materials. Example: Food processing, vegetable oil, cotton textile, dairy products and leather industries.

Mineral based industries are primary industries that use mineral ores as their raw materials. The products of these industries feed other industries. Example: Iron and Steel industry.

Marine based industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials. Example: Industries processing sea food or manufacturing fish oil. Forest based industries utilise forest produce as raw materials. Example:  pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals and furniture industries.

Q62. Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of ownership.
Or
How are industries classified on the basis of ownership?
Or
Explain classification of industry on the basis of ownership.

Ans. Industries can be classified into private sector, state owned or public sector, joint sector and cooperative sector.

Private sector industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals.

The public sector industries are owned and operated by the government, such as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and Steel Authority of India Limited. Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a group of individuals. Maruti Udyog Limited is an example of joint sector industry.

Co-operative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both. Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy are a success stories of a co-operative venture.

Q63. Discuss the locational advantages for the development of the cotton textile industry in Ahmedabad.

Ans. Favourable locational factors were responsible for the development of the textile industry in Ahmedabad.

                            i.        Ahmedabad is situated in the heart of a cotton growing area. This ensures easy availability of raw material.

                           ii.        The humid climate is ideal for spinning and weaving. The flat terrain and easy availability of land is suitable for the establishment of the mills.

                          iii.        The densely populated states of Gujarat and Maharashtra provide both skilled and semi-skilled labour.

                          iv.        Well developed road and railway network permits easy transportation of textiles to different parts of the country, thus providing easy access to the market.

                           v.        Mumbai port nearby facilitates import of machinery and export of cotton textiles.

Q64. Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of size.
Or
How are industries classified on the basis of size?
Or
Explain classification of industry on the basis of size.

Ans. Classification of industry on the basis of size

                          i.        Based on size, industries can be classified into small scale and large scale industries.

                         ii.        Cottage or household industries are a type of small scale industry where the products are manufactured by hand, by the artisans. Basket weaving, pottery and other handicrafts are examples of cottage industry.

                        iii.        Small scale industries use lesser amount of capital and technology as compared to large scale industries that produce large volumes of products.      Investment of capital is higher and the technology used is superior in large scale industries.

                         iv.        Silk weaving and food processing industries are small scale industries. Production of automobiles and heavy machinery are large scale industries.

Q65. Write short notes on cotton textile industry in Osaka.

Ans. Cotton textile industry in Osaka

                          i.        It is an important textile centre of Japan, also known as the ‘Manchester of Japan’.

                         ii.        The textile industry developed in Osaka due to several geographical factors. The extensive plain around Osaka ensured that land was easily available for the growth of cotton mills. Warm humid climate is well suited to spinning and weaving. The river Yodo provides sufficient water for the mills. Labour is easily available. Location of port facilitates import of raw cotton and for exporting textiles.

                         iii.        The textile industry at Osaka depends completely upon imported raw materials. Cotton is imported from Egypt, India, China and USA.

                         iv.        The finished product is mostly exported and has a good market due to good quality and low price.

                         v.        Though it is one of the important textile cities in the country, of late, the cotton textile industry of Osaka has been replaced by other industries, such as iron and steel, machinery, shipbuilding, automobiles, electrical equipment and cement.