Industries

Q41. Which one of the following is a natural fibre?
(a) nylon
(b) jute
(c) acryclic

Ans. jute

Q42. Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?
(a) Iron and steel industry
(b) Cotton textile
(c) Information technology

Ans.  Information technology

Q43. What are the major industrial regions of India?

Ans. India has several industrial regions like Mumbai- Pune cluster, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region, Hugli region, Ahmedabad-Baroda region, Chottanagpur industrial belt, Vishakhapatnam-Guntur belt, Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region and the Kollam-Thiruvanathapuram industrial cluster.

Q44. Write a short note on Chinese gas well blowout.

Ans. On 23 December 2005, due to gas well blowout in Gao Qiao, Chongging, China, 243 people died, 9,000 were injured and 64,000 were evacuated. Many people died because they were unable to run after the explosion. Those who could not escape in time suffered burns to their eyes, skin and lungs from the gas.

Q45. Give a reason why did the cotton textile industry in India could not compete with the industries in the west initially?

Ans. The production of hand woven cotton textile was expensive and time consuming. Hence, traditional cotton textile industry could not face the competition from the new textile mills of the West, which produced cheap and good quality fabrics.

Q46. Name some important steel producing centres in India.

Ans.  Important steel producing centres such as Bhilai, Durgapur, Burnpur, Jamshedpur, Rourkela, Bokaro are situated in a region that spreads over four states — West Bengal, Jharkhand, Orissa and Chhattisgarh. Bhadravati and Vijay Nagar in Karnataka, Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh, Salem in Tamil Nadu are other important steel centres utilising local resources.

Q47. Give two examples of the following in the space provided.

(i) Raw Materials: cotton and iron

(ii) End product: shirt and car

(iii) Tertiary Activities: banking and transport

(iv) Agro-based Industries: Food processing and leather industries

(v) Cottage Industries: Basket weaving and pottery

(vi) Co-operatives: Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy

Q48. What are the inputs processes and outputs of the iron and steel industry?

Ans. The inputs for the industry include raw materials such as iron ore, coal and limestone, along with labour, capital, site and other infrastructure. The process of converting iron ore into steel involves many stages. The raw material is put in the blast furnace where it undergoes smelting. It is then refined. The output obtained is steel which may be used by other industries as raw material.

Q49. Discuss the Bhopal disaster.
Or
What was the cause of the Bhopal gas tragedy?
Or
What were the effects of the Bhopal gas tragedy?

Ans. One of the worst industrial disasters of all time occurred in Bhopal on 3 December 1984 around 00:30 a.m. It was a technological accident in which highly poisonous Methyl Isocynate (MIC) gas along with Hydrogen Cyanide and other reaction products leaked out of the pesticide factory of Union Carbide. The official death toll was 3,598 in 1989. Thousands, who survived still suffer from one or many ailments like blindness, impaired immune system, gastrointestinal disorders etc.

Q50. Explain the factors favourable for the development of the IT industry in California.
Or
Discuss the locational advantages of Silicon Valley - California.

Ans. Locational advantages of Silicon Valley - California

                          i.        Close to some of the most advanced scientific and technological centres in the world.

                         ii.        Pleasant climate with an attractive and a clean environment. Plenty of space for development and future expansion.

                        iii.        Located close to major roads and airports.

                        iv.        Good access to markets and skilled work force.

Q51. Explain the factors favourable for the development of the IT industry in Bangalore.
Or
Discuss the locational advantages of 'Silicon plateau - Bangalore'.

Ans. Locational advantages of 'Silicon plateau - Bangalore'

                          i.        Bangalore has the largest number of educational institutions and IT colleges in India.

                         ii.        The city was considered dust free with low rents and cost of living.

                        iii.        The state government of Karnataka was the first to announce an IT Policy in 1992.

                        iv.        The city has the largest and widest availability of skilled managers with work experience.