Cell Structure and Functions

Q1. Fill in the blanks.

                          i.        Protoplasm is called the living substance of the cell.

                         ii.        A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function.

                        iii.        Cells in the living organisms are basic structural units.

                        iv.        Egg white is called the albumen.

                         v.        The size of the cell is related to its function.

                        vi.        Each organ is further made up of smaller parts called tissues.

         vii.        All organisms are made of smaller parts called organs.

Q2. True/False

                          i.        Unicellular organisms have one-celled body. True

                         ii.        Muscle cells are branched. False

                        iii.        Bacterial cell also has a cell wall. True

                        iv.        The basic living unit of an organism is an organ. False

                         v.        Amoeba has irregular shape. True

                        vi.        Cells in the living organisms are complex living structures. True

         vii.        A cell wall is present in animal cells. False

Q3. Where are genes located?

Ans. Genes are located on chromosomes.

Q4. What is the basic living unit of an organism?

Ans. Cell is the basic living unit of an organism.

Q5. What do chloroplasts contain?

Ans. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll.

Q6. Name the instrument used to study cells.

Ans. Microscope is used to study cells.

Q7. Do animal cells have a cell wall?

Ans. No, animal cells do not have a cell wall.

Q8. What is a nucleolus?

Ans. A smaller spherical body in the nucleus is called the nucleolus.

Q9. Name the scientist who coined the term cell.

Ans. Robert Hooke coined the term ‘cell’.

Q10. Name one cell in human body which is spherical in shape.
Or
Give an example of spherical cell.

Ans. Spherical red blood cells

Q11. Which part of a cell controls all the activities of the cell?

Ans. Nucleus acts as control centre of the activities of the cell.

Q12. Name the outermost layer of an animal cell.

Ans. Cell membrane is the outermost layer of an animal cell.

Q13. What are the units of inheritance in living organisms?

Ans. Chromosomes are the units of inheritance in living organisms.

Q14. What is nucleus?

Ans. The central dense round body in the centre is called the nucleus.

Q15. Which is the largest floating body generally in the centre of a cell?

Ans. Nucleus is the largest floating body generally in the centre of a cell.

Q16. What is vacuole?

Ans. Any blank-looking structure in the cytoplasm is called vacuole.

Q17. What is tissue?

Ans. A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function.

Q18. Which cell receives and transfers messages?

Ans. The nerve cell (or a neuron) receives and transfers messages.

Q19. Name the spindle shaped cells present in the human body.

Ans. Spindle shaped muscle cells

Q20. What is the basic similarity among all the living organisms (plants and animals)?

Ans. All the living things (plants and animals) are made from cells.

Q21. What are prokaryotic cells?

Ans. Cells without well organised nucleus, i.e. lacking nuclear membrane, are called prokaryotic cells.

Q22. What is the layer outside the cell membrane of a plant cell called?

Ans. In addition to the cell membrane, there is an outer thick layer in cells of plants called cell wall.

Q23. Name the organelle of a plant cell where photosynthesis takes place.

Ans. In plants, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which contain the chlorophyll.