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      Number of Nouns and Pronouns

      The number refers to the count of a noun or pronoun.

      Singular Number

      It refers to the count of only one of a noun or pronoun.

      Example: cat, apple, boy

      Plural Number

      It refers to the count of more than one of a noun or pronoun.

      Example: cats, apples, boys



      Most nouns change from singular to plural by adding (s) to the singular.

      Singular

      Plural

      house

      houses

      tree

      trees

      cow

      cows

      boy

      boys

      pencil

      pencils

      eye

      eyes

      book

      books

      horse

      horses

      shoe

      shoes

      toe

      toes

      nose

      noses

      window

      windows

      dog

      dogs

      mobile

      mobiles

      friend

      friends

      girl

      girls



      Nouns that end in ‘ch’, ‘ss’, ‘sh’, and ‘x’ form their plurals by adding ‘es’ to the singular.

      Singular

      Plural

      bench

      benches

      fox

      foxes

      branch

      branches

      ass

      asses

      dish

      dishes

      match

      matches

       

      There are some nouns ending in ‘o’ that make their plurals by adding ‘es’ to the singular.

      Singular

      Plural

      potato

      potatoes

      tomato

      tomatoes

      mango

      mangoes

      mosquito

      mosquitoes

      zero

      zeroes

      hero

      heroes



      There are some nouns ending in ‘y’ that make their plurals by changing ‘y’ into ‘ies’.

      Singular

      Plural

      baby

      babies

      fly

      flies

      diary

      diaries

      lady

      ladies

      hobby

      hobbies

      puppy

      puppies

      lorry

      lorries

      pony

      ponies

      city

      cities

      story

      stories

      sky

      skies

      army

      armies

      Some exceptions

      Singular

      Plural

      monkey

      monkeys

      donkey

      donkeys

      day

      days

      toy

      toys

      holiday

      holidays

      valley

      valleys

      way

      ways

      ray

      rays

      play

      plays

       

      Some nouns form their plurals by a change of the inside vowel.

      Singular

      Plural

      foot

      feet

      man

      men

      tooth

      teeth

      louse

      lice

      goose

      geese

      mouse

      mice

      woman

      women

      policeman

      policemen



      Some nouns form their plurals in –en or –ren.

      Singular

      Plural

      child

      children

      ox

      oxen

       

      Some nouns have the same form for the Plural as for the Singular.

      Singular

      Plural

      sheep

      sheep

      dozen

      dozen

      series

      series

      deer

      deer

      fish

      fish

      species

      species

       

      Some nouns end in ‘f’ or ‘fe’. They make their plurals by changing ‘f’ or ‘fe’ into ‘ves’.

      Singular

      Plural

      leaf

      leaves

      loaf

      loaves

      calf

      calves

      wolf

      wolves

      knife

      knives



      There is no specific rule for changing the number of pronouns.

      Singular

      Plural

      I

      We

      My

      Our

      Mine

      Ours

      Me

      Us

      You

      You

      He/she

      they

      Him/her

      Them

      Your

      Your

      This

      These

      That

      Those

      It

      They

      His/her

      their


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